Abbreviations

15(OH)D 25-hydroxy vitamin D
aBMD areal bone mineral density
AIS American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale
ALP alkaline phosphatase
BALP bone-specific alkaline phosphatase
BMC bone mineral content
BMD bone mineral density
BMI body mass index
CI confidence interval
CINP C-terminal propeptide of type I collagen
CT computed tomography
CTX Type I collagen C-telopeptide
CV coefficient of variation
DPA dual-energy photon absorptiometry
DPD deoxypyridinoline
DXA dual-energy-X-ray absorptiometry
FES functional electrical stimulation
HR hazard ratio
HR-pQCT High-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography
IFCC-IOF International Osteoporosis Foundation and the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine
ISCD International Society for Clinical Densitometry
LSC least significant change
MCID minimal clinically important difference
MRI magnetic resonance imaging
NBHA National Bone Health Alliance
NMES neuromuscular electrical stimulation
NTX N-telopeptide
OC osteocalcin
OR odds ratio
P1NP procollagen Type I N propeptide obtained from serum
pQCT peripheral quantitative computed tomography
RCT Randomized controlled trial
SCI Spinal Cord Injury
SD standard deviation
SLOP sublesional osteoporosis
TPI time post-injury
TNF tumour necreosis factor α
vBMD volumetric bone mineral density