Abbreviations
| AIS | ASIA Impairment Scale |
| BCM | broad compression massage |
| BDI | Beck Depression Inventory |
| BPI | brief pain inventory |
| BTX | botulinum toxin |
| CBT | cognitive behavioural therapy |
| CDP | central dysesthetic pain |
| CESD-SF | Center of Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale – short form |
| CRT | circuit resistance training |
| CSQ | Coping Strategies Questionnaire |
| DAAC | duration-adjusted average change |
| DREZ | dorsal root entry zone |
| EEG | electroencephalography |
| EMG | electromyography |
| FIM | Functional Independence Measure |
| GABA | gamma-aminobutyric acid |
| GAD | gabapentin amitripyline diphenhydramine |
| HADS | Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale |
| ISCIP | international Spinal Cord Injury Pain |
| ITB | intrathecal baclofen |
| LCT | light contact touch |
| MMPI | Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory |
| MPI | Multidimensional Pain Inventory |
| MPQ | McGill Pain Questionnaire |
| NMDA | N-methyl D aspartate |
| NRS | numeric rating scale |
| NSAIDS | non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs |
| PAD | Zung pain and distress |
| PC | performance corrected |
| PGIC | patient global impression of change |
| PM | pain medications |
| PMP | pain management program |
| PQOL | perceived quality of life |
| PSS | perceived stress scale |
| QI | energy flow |
| QOL | quality of life |
| ROM | range of motion |
| RPE | rating of perceived exertion |
| SCI | spinal cord injury |
| SF-36 | Short Form – 36 |
| SF-MPQ | short-form McGill Pain Questionnaire |
| SHCS | Stanford Hypnotic Clinical Scale |
| SPI | Sternbach pain intensity |
| SRQ | shoulder rating questionnaire |
| STAI | State Trait Anxiety Inventory |
| TCA | tricyclic antidepressants |
| TCES | transcranial electrical stimulation |
| tDCS | transcranial direct current stimulation |
| TENS | transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation |
| THC | delta-9-tetra hydrocannabinol |
| TMS | transcranial magnetic stimulation |
| VAS | visual analogue scale |
| VNS | verbal numeric score |
| WHYMPI | West Haven Yale Multidimensional Pain Inventory |
| WUFA | wheelchair Users Functional Assessment |
| WUSPI | wheelchair User’s Shoulder Pain Index |
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