- The Skin Management Needs Assessment Checklist (SMNAC) is a self- report subscale extracted from the Needs Assessment Checklist (NAC).
- The SMNAC is developed to be a post discharge measure to assess client knowledge and ability to perform skin checks, pressure relief and prevention of skin breakdown, and provides SCI specific information related to skin management needs.
- The SMNAC requires people to demonstrate or, for someone with a high lesion, instruct their personal care attendant to perform the activities.
ICF Domain
Activity ▶ Self-care
Equipment
None
Length
12 items
Scoring
- The items are summed to generate a total score ranging from 0-36.
- The value reported is a proportion (client score/36) x 100%.
- Higher scores reflect greater independence.
Languages
English
Training Required
No formal training required. However, experience in wound-care is beneficial.
Availability
Can be found by contacting the author (P. Kennedy, see article here).
# of studies reporting psychometric properties: 4
Interpretability
Higher scores reflect greater independence.
MCID: not established in SCI
SEM: 3.27
MDC: 9.05
(Berry & Kennedy 2003: n=43, 38 males; 13.9% complete tetraplegia, 37.2% incomplete tetraplegia, 23.3 complete paraplegia, 25.6% incomplete paraplegia; mean time since injury = 17.5 weeks)
Reliability
- High Test-retest Reliability:
ICC = 0.90
(Gelis et al. 2011: n=138, 103 males, 35 females; ASIA A-D; 49 cervical, 89 upper and lower back; traumatic and medical SCI; mean time since injury = 94 months)
- High Internal Consistency:
α = 0.85
(Berry et al. 2004: n=317; traumatic or non-traumatic SCI)
- High Internal Consistency for French version of revised Skin Management Needs Assessment Checklist:
α = 0.907
(Gelis et al. 2018: n=132, 75% males; mean duration = 7.8 years; 103 traumatic, 29 non-traumatic)
Validity
- Low correlation with age:
r = -0.22 to -0.27
(Berry et al. 2004: n=317; traumatic or non-traumatic SCI)
- Low correlation of French version of revised Skin Management Needs Assessment Checklist with Rosenberg scale:
r = 0.25 - Low correlation of French version of revised Skin Management Needs Assessment Checklist with active coping:
r = 0.29 - Moderate correlation of French version of revised Skin Management Needs Assessment Checklist with Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS):
r = -0.43 - Moderate correlation of French version of revised Skin Management Needs Assessment Checklist with time since injury:
r = 0.49
(Gelis et al. 2018: n=132, 75% males; mean duration = 7.8 years; 103 traumatic, 29 non-traumatic)
Responsiveness
No values were reported at this time for the responsiveness of the Skin Management Needs Assessment Checklist (SMNAC).
Floor/Ceiling Effect
No values were reported for the presence of floor/ceiling effects in the SMNAC for the population with SCI.
Reviewer
Dr. Carlos L. Cano Herrera, Tyra Chu
Date Last Updated
15 February 2024
Berry C and Kennedy P. A psychometric analysis of the Needs Assessment Checklist (NAC). Spinal Cord 2002; 41: 490-501.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12934089
Berry C, Kennedy P, Hindson L. Internal consistency and responsiveness of the skin management needs assessment checklist post spinal cord injury. J Spinal Cord Med 2004;27:63-71. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15156939
Gelis A, Daures JP, Benaim C, Kennedy P, Albert T, Colin D, Joseph P-A, Pelissier J, Fattal C. Evaluating self-reported pressure ulcer prevention measures in persons with spinal cord injury using the revised Skin Management Needs Assessment Checklist: reliability study. Spinal Cord, 2011; 49:653-658. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21221117
Keith RA, Lipsey MW. The role of theory in rehabilitation assessment, treatment and outcomes. In: Glueckauf RL, Sechrest LB, Bond GR, McDonel EC. (ed). Improving Assessment in Rehabilitation and Health. Sage Publications, Newbury Park, CA, 1993, p 33-60.
http://scholar.google.ca.ezproxy.library.ubc.ca/scholar?q=The+role+of+theory+in+rehabilitation+assessment%2C+treatment+and+outcomes&btnG=&hl=en&as_sdt=0%2C5
Kennedy P, Hamilton LR. The needs assessment checklist: a clinical approach to measuring outcome. Spinal Cord 1999;37:136-139.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10065753
