• Modified disability version of the 10 item Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE)
  • Captures information about leisure, household, and work related physical activity over the preceding 7 days
  • Developed targeting individuals with visual/auditory and locomotor/SCI disabilities
  • Solicits information about the frequency (number of days a week) and duration (daily hours) of current participation. The specific activity performed in each of these areas is also captured
  • Assesses 5 distinct dimensions of physical activity: home repair, lawn and garden work, housework, vigorous sport and recreation, moderate sport and recreation, and occupation and transportation

Clinical Considerations

  • The PASIPD has the potential to provide in-depth information about the degree of activity in the form of Metabolic Equivalents (METS hr/day) and or descriptive information about various activities individuals are performing as well as the frequency and duration of this activity.
  • The items of the test were developed with disabled populations in mind.

ICF Domain

Activity ▶ Self-Care

Administration

  • Can be administered by mail, telephone, or in person
  • Time for administration is approximately 15 minutes

Number of Items

13

Equipment

N/A

Scoring

  • Individuals respond to 2 ordinally ranked responses. Frequency responses range from 1 (never) to 4 (often) while duration responses range from 1 (less than 1) hour to 4 (greater than 4 hours)
  • The total PASIPD score is calculated by multiplying the time spent in each activity (hours per week) or participation (i.e., yes/no) in an activity, by a weight (the Metabolic Equivalent value or METS) and then adding the results together
  • Scores range from 0 (no activity) to >100 METS hr/day (very high)

Languages

English, Dutch, Malaysian, and Turkish.

Training Required

Does not require advanced training.

Availability

The Physical Activity Scale for Individuals with Physical Disabilities worksheet can be found here.

# of studies reporting psychometric properties: 2

Interpretability

  • No cut-points or normative data have been established for the SCI population

MCID: not established in SCI population
SEM: not established in SCI population
MDC: not established in SCI population

Reliability

  • Low to Moderate Internal Consistency:
    Cronbach’s α = 0.37-0.725

(Washburn et al. 2002; n=372; 227 males, 145 females; 56 paraplegia, 38 tetraplegia, 21 unspecified SCI)
(Mat Rosly et al. 2019; n=250; 177 males, 73 females; mean (SD) age: 42.6 (14.4) years; traumatic injury; mean (SD) time since injury: 13.2 (11.4) years; Malaysian version)
(Köce et al. 2022; n=47; 21 male, 26 females; mean (SD) age: 43.98 (13.50) years; traumatic and non-traumatic; 26 ASIA A, 6 ASIA B, 13 ASIA C, 2 ASIA D; 10 tetraplegia, 37 paraplegia; Turkish version)

  • Moderate to High Test-retest Reliability:
    ICC = 0.851 – 0.87

(Mat Rosly et al. 2019; n=250; 177 males, 73 females; mean (SD) age: 42.6           (14.4) years; traumatic injury; mean (SD) time since injury: 13.2 (11.4) years; Malaysian version)
(Köce et al. 2022; n=47; 21 male, 26 females; mean (SD) age: 43.98 (13.50) years; traumatic and non-traumatic; 26 ASIA A, 6 ASIA B, 13 ASIA C, 2 ASIA D; 10 tetraplegia, 37 paraplegia; Turkish version)

  • Inter-rater and Intra-rater Reliability:
    Not established in SCI

Validity

  • PASIPD constructs were assessed through factor analysis and differentiation between groups (age, physical activity level, and self-rated health status)
  • Low to High correlations (all significant) were found between survey items and total PASIPD score (Pearson’s r=0.20-0.67).
  • Low and non-significant correlations were found between activity monitor duration and PASIPD duration (Spearman’s r=0.31), and activity monitor duration and PASIPD intensity (Spearman’s r=0.28).
  • The PASIPD was found to differ significantly in scores between groups by age, physical activity level and self-rated health status.

(Washburn et al. 2002: n=372; 227 males, 145 females; 56 paraplegia, 38 tetraplegia, 21 unspecified SCI)
(Van Den Berg-Emons et al. 2011: n=124 (21 SCI); 14 males, 7 females; mean (SD) age: 40.7 (14.3) years)

  • Moderate correlation with Utrecht Activities List (UAL):
    Spearman’s ρ = 0.51
  • Moderate correlation with Subscales Mobility Range and Social Behaviour of SIP68 (SIPSOC):
    Spearman’s ρ = 0.47

(de Groot et al. 2010; n=139; 73% males; mean (SD) age: 41.5 (14.1) years; 68% paraplegia, 64% complete lesion; and mean time since injury: 705 days)

Responsiveness

No values were reported for the responsiveness of the PASIPD for the SCI population.

Floor/Ceiling Effect

No values were reported for the presence of floor/ceiling effects in the PASIPD for the SCI population.

Reviewers

Dr. Vamessa Noonan, Dr. Carlos L. Cano-Herrera, Tyra Chu

Date Last Updated

31 December 2024

de Groot S, van der Woude LHV, Niezen A, Smit CAJ, Post MWM. Evaluation of the physical activity scale for individuals with physical disabilities in people with spinal cord injury. Spinal Cord. 2009. 48:542-547
https://www.nature.com/articles/sc2009178

Köçe K, Atici E, Çirak YB, Elbasi ND, Tütüneken YE. Cultural adaptation and Turkish version of Physical Activity Scale for Individuals with Physical Disabilities in individuals with spinal cord injury: a reliability and validity study. Disabil Rehabil. 2022; 44(21):6414-6423
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34415222/

Rosly MM, Halaki M, Rosly HM, Davis GM, Hasnan N, Husain R. Malaysian adaptation of the physical activity scale for individuals with physical disabilities in individuals with spinal cord injury. Disabil Rehabil. 2020; 42(14): 2067-2075.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30686132/

Van den Berg-Emons RJ, L’Ortye AA, Buffart LM, Nieuwenhuijsen C, Nooijen CF, Bergen MP, Stam HJ, Bussmann JB. Validation of the Physical Activity Scale for Individuals with Physical Disabilities. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 2011; 92:923-8.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21507382

van der Ploeg HP, Streppel KR, van der Beek AJ, van der Woude LH, Vollenbroek-Hutten M, van Mechelen W. The Physical Activity Scale for Individuals with Physical Disabilities: test-retest reliability and comparison with an accelerometer. J Phys Act Health, 2007;4(1):96-100.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17489011

Washburn RA, Smith KW, Jette AM, Janney CA. The Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE): development and evaluation. J Clin Epidemiol.1993 Feb;46:153-62.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8437031

Washburn RA, Zhu W, McAuley E, Frogley M, Figoni SF. The Physical Activity Scale for Individuals With Physical Disabilities: Development and Evaluation. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2002; 83: 193-200.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11833022